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Crime

10 Types and Nature of Banditry in Nigeria

Banditry is a generic term that refers to any form of outlaw. Those who engage in banditry are referred to as bandits. Thus, robbers are bandits; extortionists are bandits; murderers are bandits. All forms of thievery and marauding are banditry.Information Guide Nigeria

Therefore, banditry, being a term used to refer to many crimes, can be classified into many types. Such classification can be based on the intents of the bandits. One can equally look at banditry from how it is carried out as to the reasons behind the activities of the bandits. We can also put the location of the bandits into consideration in our classification.


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From this background, we shall classify banditry in Nigeria into ten types based on their nature. The ten types of banditry in Nigeria that we shall look at in this post are:

  • Rural Banditry
  • Urban Banditry
  • Stationary Banditry
  • Roving Banditry
  • Maritime Banditry
  • Political Banditry
  • Social Banditry
  • Organized Banditry
  • Mercenary Banditry
  • Autonomous Banditry

Read Also: 10 Solutions to Insecurity in Nigeria

Types of Banditry in Nigeria

1. Rural Banditry

Rural banditry is the most common banditry in Nigeria. The most affected states are Zamfara state and Kaduna state. One of the major reasons these two states are most affected is the vast forests that are within them. Bandits can easily hide in the forests.

The nature of rural banditry in Nigeria is multifarious. In it, you have cattle raiding, kidnapping, and sexual molestations. Murder and mass abduction are also there. Highway robbery is another form of rural banditry that is prevalent here in Nigeria.

Cattle rearing is the major occupation of the people of northwest Nigeria. Bandits in the areas where these cattle rearers are, steal their cattle and escape into the forests.

The kidnapping of individuals and mass abduction of various persons are common occurrences in Nigerian rural banditry. Bandits have sent so many kidnapped persons to their early graves. They have removed so many children from the school system to the extent that the whole world knows Nigeria to be having the greatest number of school dropouts among the nations of the world.Banditry in Nigeria

The highways in Nigeria are not safe due to rural banditry. Bandits go into the highways waylaying people and even killing some. Rural banditry is a menace in Nigeria. The federal government has tried to stop it to no avail. The bandits have always been out of reach.

Read Also: 10 Causes of Insecurity In Nigeria And Solutions

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2. Urban Banditry

Urban banditry is the type of banditry that has to do with all forms of outlaw in urban centres. Urban banditry, like rural banditry, takes many forms. The only difference is the setting. Urban centres do not have forests where the bandits can hide. What they do, instead, is make hotels and uncompleted buildings their operation centres.

An armed robbery is a form of urban banditry that is prevalent in Nigeria. Before Nigeria adopted the cashless policy, armed robbers were breaking into people’s homes and robbing them of their money. Now that people no longer keep money at home, they now face banks. Bandits in groups attack banks and cart away millions of naira.

Kidnapping is another form of urban banditry in Nigeria. Bandits have kidnapped many well-to-do Nigerians in the urban centres. In addition, bandits rape and terrorize people in their homes, especially at night. All forms of urban violence are urban banditry.

3. Stationary Banditry

The nature of this type of banditry is that which is committed in a particular place. Bandits who engage in stationary banditry do not move about. They carry out their banditry activities in a particular location.How to Get a New NYSC Certificate

Some Nigerians have run into them on the highways. They block the road waiting for committers to come across them. Sometimes, they hide in the bush. The moment a vehicle comes to their blockade, they jump out of their ambush and attack people and steal their money and their valuables. Sometimes, they kidnap, maim and kill.Npower recruitment

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4. Roving Banditry

In roving banditry, the bandits move from place to place. They do not operate in a permanent location. Sometimes, they keep a bus in a place where passengers can enter, thinking that the bus is a safe one. When passengers enter such a bus, the bandits throw a spell on them after which they fall asleep. They will then carry the passengers to where they can harm them.How to Choose NYSC States

Some Nigerians refer to them as “One chance”. This is because they go about shouting one chance. Some passengers who do not like to enter vehicles in the motor packs have fallen victim to such banditry activities. They go about looking for whom to devour.

5. Maritime Banditry

Bandits who engage in maritime banditry focus on Nigerian waterways. They are often called pirates. Their activities are referred to as piracy. They are special thieves who only steal cargoes. Nigerians who travel by sea have fallen victim most of the time.

6. Political Banditry

Political banditry refers to all forms of political violence against politicians. Some Nigerians have fallen victim to political banditry in the past. Political bandits hijack political structures for their interests. Some politicians have killed their fellow politicians to gain power. They want to rule by force. They do not mind what it takes them to be rulers.

Some deputy governors have suffered from political banditry in Nigeria. A good example is the impeachment of Jude Agbaso who was the deputy governor-to-governor of Rochas Okorocha. Many other deputy governors have suffered the same fate.WAEC result

Ballot box snatching and all forms of result forgery are examples of political banditry. Gangs often rig elections for their leaders to come to power against the will of the masses. Results are often announced in the areas where elections did not take place. This is political banditry.

Read Also: 10 Problems of Insecurity in Nigeria and Possible Solutions

7. Social Banditry

In social banditry, bandits can decide to protest against any form of social inequality. Some women have always protested against gender inequality. They want a situation where they can be treated equally with their male counterparts. Excess of such protests is social banditry.JAMB form

To some people, wealth in their society should be redistributed. There are Nigerians who are not comfortable with the sharing formula of the federal government. They always want to take the lion’s share of whatever accrues to the government. These are social bandits.

When social banditry is expanded, it includes illegal drug trading, child trafficking, and street gangs. All forms of social outlaw in Nigerian society are social banditry in Nigeria.

8. Organized Banditry

Organized banditry has to do with a network of bandits who are well coordinated. Some bandit groups have leadership and followership. They have commanders who coordinate their activities. Unless the commander commands them to shoot, they do not shoot. They have special drivers who operate their vehicles. All groups of bandits who are well organized engage in organized banditry.JAMB Result

9. Mercenary Banditry

Some of the bandits in Nigeria are hired. They work for someone who pays them money for any banditry activity that they engage in. Any group that is sponsored in their banditry activities engages in mercenary banditry.

Read Also: 10 Causes of Terrorism in Nigeria

10. Autonomous Banditry

Autonomous banditry refers to the banditry activities that people carry out for their interests. The bandits can be a group of friends who just agree together to go out to rape or rob. They can agree to carry out any form of banditry in their interest.

Wrapping Up

There are many types of banditry in Nigeria. Whatever the nature banditry takes in Nigeria, it is not something that Nigerians should crave. Whatever is the reason for engaging in banditry activities, it is not good for Nigerians. Therefore, we should try our possible best to stop it.

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Isaiah Atawheke

Isaiah is a Content Developer at InfoGuideNIgeria.com. InfoGuide Nigeria is a team of Resource Persons and Consultants led by Ifiokobong Ibanga. Page maintained by Ifiokobong Ibanga. If you need a personal assistance on this topic, kindly contact us.

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